基于特征的刚体碎块断裂面层次化匹配方法

摘要

刚体碎块断裂面的匹配是通过旋转和平移变换将两个断裂曲面变换到同一坐标系统下的过程.为了提高断裂面匹配的速度和精度,提出一种基于局部特征和改进迭代最近点(iterative closest point,ICP)算法的层次化的匹配方法.首先,对刚体碎块外表面进行曲面分割,并根据粗糙度提取其断裂面;然后提取断裂面的局部深度、法线的偏角和点云密度等局部特征;最后采用基于局部特征和改进ICP算法的方法来实现断裂面的精确匹配.实验结果表明,基于局部特征的断裂面匹配算法能够精确、快速地实现刚体碎块的部分匹配和完全匹配,是一种有效的刚体碎块匹配方法.%The fracture surface matching of rigid blocks is the process of making two surfaces transform into a common coordinate through rotation and translation transformation.To improve the matching speed and accuracy,a hierarchical matching method based on local feature and improved iterative closest point(ICP)was proposed. Firstly,surface of the block was segmented and the fracture surfaces were extracted according to the coarse degree. Secondly,local feature which included local depth,deviation angle of normals and point cloud density was extrac-ted.Finally,fine registration of fracture surfaces was completed by algorithm based on local feature and improved ICP algorithm.The experimental results show that the fracture surface matching algorithm based on local feature can match fracture surfaces of rigid blocks accurately and rapidly,it is an effective matching method of rigid blocks.