锚固岩质边坡锚杆动力简化分析

摘要

Anchorage is an important way of slope support. The existing theoretical model can't reflect different stress state of anchor in the slope under seismic loading,and not for a good interpretation of the anchorage mecha-nism of slope anchor. The transfer process of anchoring force was analyzed in the slope under seismic loading,put-ting forward the anchorage slope dynamic simplified model, and proved that the slope anchor system can be ana-lyzed and simplified as two drawing models. Based on the elastic solution of bolt load distribution, the different seismic force of single structural plane model and the influence of model of bolt axial force distribution analysis of the seismic force size,elastic modulus,Poisson's ratio of rock mass parameters on the influence of the bolt load dis-tribution were studied. The following conclusion was got, bolt anchoring ability and the elastic modulus of rock mass are unrelated to Poisson's ratio,which provides the explanation of slope anchoring mechanism as the hard rock outside and the soft inside. The anchoring effect improved the integrity and self-stabilization capacity of the structur-al plane of rock mass. For rock slope controlled by multiple cracks,the long bolts across all structure surfaces,and to the inside of the structural plane of rock mass with single anchor way of optimizing anchor were put forward to use.%锚固是边坡支护中的一种重要方法,目前的理论模型大都不考虑地震过程中边坡的响应状态,在边坡锚杆的锚固抗震机理方面存在一定欠缺.基于边坡及锚杆在地震作用下力的传递过程分析,提出了一种边坡锚杆动力简化分析模型;利用锚杆荷载分布解析解,分析了不同响应地震动、围岩属性等参数对锚杆受力的影响,从理论上进一步阐述了锚杆的抗震锚固机理.得到了如下结论:岩体的弹性模量和泊松比不是锚杆锚固能力的关键性因素,软岩对硬岩同样可以起到锚固支护的效果;锚杆能够提高岩体的整体性和自稳能力,对多结构面控制岩石边坡,应混合使用贯穿长锚杆和单结构面锚杆的优化锚固方式.