土壤侵蚀是导致土地退化的主要原因,已成为全球性的环境问题之一.理解和规范土壤侵蚀术语对于土壤侵蚀研究、水土流失调查和水土保持规划具有重要意义.本文将几种常用的土壤侵蚀术语划分为6组,分别展开辨析,依次包括1)土壤侵蚀、土壤流失和水土流失,2)古代侵蚀与现代侵蚀,3)地质侵蚀与加速侵蚀,4)片蚀、溅蚀、面蚀和细沟间侵蚀,5)细沟、浅沟、切沟侵蚀和瓦背状地形,以及6)冲沟、干沟和河沟侵蚀,阐述各组术语之间的差别和联系,并探讨其在生产实践中的意义.%Soil erosion is the main cause for land degradation and has become one of the major global environmental problems.Understanding and standardizing soil erosion terms are of great importance to soil erosion research,soil erosion survey,as well as soil and water conservation planning.In the current study,a few common soil erosion terms were classified into 6 groups and the discriminations within each group were thoroughly discussed.These groups of terms included 1) soil erosion,soil loss,and soil and water losses;2) ancient erosion and modern erosion;3) geological erosion and accelerated erosion;4) sheet erosion,raindrop splash erosion,surface erosion and interrill erosion;5) rill erosion,ephemeral gully erosion,gully erosion and tile back landform;and 6) modern incised valley,ancient incised valley and river valley.Besides illustrating the connection and difference within each group,their implications for soil and water conservation were also analyzed.
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