Effect of Rice Breeding Process on Improvement of Yield and Quality in China

摘要

Rice,Oryza sativa,is a major global food staple,90%of which is cultivated in Asian countries.Its two major subspecies are japonica and indica,differing in geographical distribution and morphological characteristics(Wang W S et al,2018).The indica subspecies occupies 90%of the rice cultivation area,as opposed to only 10%occupied by the japonica subspecies,which is mainly distributed in northern China,Japan and Korea(Xu and Chen,2016).China is the only country in which japonica and indica are of equal importance.Two-thirds of the rice grown in China is indica,which is cultivated mostly in low-altitude and low-latitude regions,and one-third is japonica,farmed prevalently in high-altitude and high-latitude regions(Wang Y H et al,2018).After the introduction of semi-dwarf gene sdl,the ideal plant architecture breeding and the application of the Fi hybrid,accompanied by the improvement of cultivation methods and field management。