全站仪三维导线平差模型的建立

摘要

在测绘工程中，全站仪是一种常用仪器，它可以获得观测点的三维观测数据，但在实际工作中人们往往认为用全站仪观测获得的高程数据精度不够高，因此，仍然用水准测量的方法来获取高程数据，增加了外业测量的工作量，没有将全站仪的作用充分发挥出来。在内业数据处理时，也常常将平面控制数据和高程控制数据分开进行处理，降低了数据处理的效率。在某些工程中，用全站仪三角高程测量代替水准测量来获得高程数据是可行的，对此，国内外专家已做过不少研究，并已取得丰硕成果。本文在全站仪三角高程测量可以用来代替水准测量的前提下，研究三维导线平差模型的建立。%As?the?development?of?surveying?and?mapping?engineering,?total-station?comes?to?be?a?kind?of?common?used?instrument.?It?can?obtain?3D?data?of?a?control?point.?But?at?actual?work?people?think?total?station’s?data?accuracy?to?be?not?enough?in?the?determination?of?elevation,?therefore?still?use?optical?method?to?obtain?elevation?data?in?surveying?and?mapping?engineering.?This?method?increases?the?workload?of?outside?measurement?and?does?not?make?full?use?of?total-station.?When?do?data?processing?at?home,?people?usually?flat?horizontal?control?data?and?elevation?control?data?separate?carry?on?processing,?lower?the?efficiency?of?data?processing.?In?some?engineering,?use?total-station?to?obtain?triangle?elevation?data?replaces?leveling?is?viable,?both?domestic?and?international?experts?have?already?done?plenty?of?research?in?this?filed,?and?have?already?obtained?a?plenteous?result.?This?discourse?studies?on?adjustment?model?based?on?the?three?dimension?traverse?network?when?total-station?can?be?used?to?obtain?3D?data.