中国永久冻土区天然气水合物研究现状

摘要

As the world's third largest frozen soil country ,China has promising prospect in natural gas hydrate research . At present the permafrost zones in China are mainly distributed in two regions:Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Mohe basin ,and others are scattered in the plateau area of Western China .In 2002 ,exploratory researches were carried out in terres-trial permafrost zone of China ,and at the end of 2008,samples of natural gas hydrate were obtained through drilling in permafrost zones in Qilian mountains of Qinghai Tibet Plateau .So far ,the gas hydrates exploration and research have been carried out in Qilian mountain area ,Fenghuoshan-Wuli area,Mohe basin and other areas .As the research process in gas hydrate accelerated ,new challenges in exploration and development technology of gas hydrates have also been put for-ward.In addition,researches in many hydrate favorable prospect areas have been carried out slowly because of the bad climate environment and limited working conditions .All these factors contribute to the difficulties in studies in permafrost zones of China currently and also provide development orientation for future study in gas hydrate .%中国作为世界第三大冻土国家，拥有可观的天然气水合物前景，目前已知中国冻土带主要分布在青藏高原和东北漠河盆地两大区域，同时零星分布于西部各高原地区。中国于2002年开始对陆域冻土带进行了试探性勘查研究，并于2008年底在青藏高原祁连山脉木里地区永久冻土带钻获了天然气水合物的实物样品。研究至今，国家已先后在祁连山地区、风火山-乌丽地区和东北漠河盆地等地区开展了水合物的勘探研究。随着中国对冻土区天然气水合物研究的提速，对于当前水合物的勘探开发开采技术也提出了新的挑战。另外，当前许多水合物有利远景区由于气候环境恶劣，工作条件有限，使得该区域的研究依旧很缓慢，这些都构成了目前中国对冻土区水合物研究的困难，同时也为未来的水合物研究提供了发展方向。