北京、东京、筑波大气中有机污染物组成研究

摘要

用低流量采样器及双层采样滤膜(石英及固相萃取用C18膜)采集了北京、东京和筑波三城市冬季(1999年1月)大气颗粒物和大气气相物质，3个城市的共同特点是大气气相物质中含有很高浓度的苯环数2～4的多环芳烃及碳数小于20的正构烷烃，大气颗粒物中以5～6个苯环多环芳烃为主。冬季正构烷烃没有明显的偶数碳数和奇数的区别。但是，北京大气气相物质和颗粒物中多环芳烃浓度明显高于东京和筑波，而且各正构烷烃及多环芳烃的浓度分布也与东京和筑波的不同，表明冬季大气中有机污染物来源不同。%Low volume sampler and two layer filters,in which one was aquartz filter and another C18 membrane disk commonly used for solid phase extraction,were used to collect urban air samples in Beijing,Tokyo and Tsukuba.The common feature was that PAHs with two to four benzene rings and alkanes with carbon number less than 20 were predominantly gaseous,four benzene ring PAHs a mixture of both phase and five and six benzene rig PAHs primarily particulate.There was no significant difference of odd and even carbon number.Higher concentrations of PAHs were found in both particulate and gas phases in Beijing samples than those in Tokyo and Tsukuba.Meanwhile the concentration distribution of each normal-alkanes and PAHs in Beijing was also different with those in Tokyo and Tskuba.