Remote sensing images from 1990, 2000 and 2006 were classified with decision tree classification to examine the effect of the ecological water delivery project on the desertification changes in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. The results indicate that: the desertification speed slowed down, although the desertification progress is still continuing after the ecological water delivery project in 2000. The normal progress of desertification is from non-desertification to light desertification, then moderate desertification, then severe desertification, and finally extreme desertification. However, after the ecological water delivery project, desertification changes in the forward direction were reduced, while changes in the reverse direction were increased. The changed regions are concentrated on the borders of the oasis and on the both sides of the river. After the ecological water delivery project, the changed regions became much closer to the border of the oasis and both sides of the river. The relationship between desertification and distance to the river is closely related; the farther the distance, the more severe the desertification. The desertification iscontrolled within 1 km of the river sides, and the desertification direction was inversed after the ecological water delivery project.%运用决策树分类法对1990年,2000年,2006年3期遥感影像进行分类,寻求生态输水对塔里木河下游沙漠化进程的影响.结果表明,2000年生态输水后沙漠化速度减缓,但沙漠化进程仍在继续.沙漠化变化方向主要为非沙漠化→轻度沙漠化→中度沙漠化→重度沙漠化→极重度沙漠化,生态输水后正向变化减小,逆向变化量增加.沙漠化变化区域主要集中在绿洲边缘和河道两侧,生态输水后变化区域离绿洲边缘和河道更近.沙漠化与距河道距离密切相关,距河道越远沙漠化退化越严重；生态输水后,距离河道1 km内的沙漠化得到抑制并出现逆转.
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