分析了我国南方某典型电子废物酸浴提取贵重金属场地周围农田土壤剖面 pH,重金属含量以及重金属的形态分布特征.结果表明:酸浴提取贵重金属场地周围土壤酸化现象明显,随着距酸浴源距离的增大以及土层深度的增加,酸化程度均减弱;底层土壤酸污染范围较小,仅限于距离污染场地很近的范围内.调查区土壤 Cu和Ni 2 种重金属的污染较为严重,Cd和Pb 污染相对较轻.与酸污染相似,土壤中 Cu和Ni 的污染随着距酸浴源距离的增大以及土层深度的增加而减弱,表层最高分别超过对照点 6 倍和 4 倍.酸浴污染土壤中重金属活性态比例普遍较高,活性态比例随距酸浴场地距离和土层深度的变化趋势与土壤酸污染相似.%The distribution characteristics of pH and the contents and species of heavy metals were investigated in agricultural soil profiles near a typical e-waste acid washing treatment site in southern China. The results showed that obvious acidification was found in the soil profiles around the e-waste acid washing site. Soil acidification decreased along with increased distance away from the site and increased depth of the soil profile. Serious acidification was constrained to soil close to the site. Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb contamination were found in this area. Among them, the contamination of Cu and Ni were relatively serious. The trend of soil acidification was that the contamination of Cu and Ni also decreased with increased distance from the site and increased depth of the soil profile. The concentrations of Cu and Ni in the surface soils were over six and four times higher, respectively, than those in the background soils.Relatively high ratios of active forms of heavy metals were found in the soils contaminated by e-waste acid washing treatment. The distribution of the percentage of active forms in the soil was similar to the trends of soil acidification.
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