高水生植物毒性污染物的初步筛选

摘要

针对目前普遍认为水生植物对污染物的敏感性比动物低的观点开展研究.查阅和筛选了ECOTOX毒性数据库里的污染物水生生物毒性数据,对美国国家水质基准(2009)里的120项优先控制污染物的毒性数据进行了分析.参考美国的水生生物基准技术指南的数据筛选原则,初步筛选出6种具有高植物毒性的污染物,分别为1,1,1-三氯乙烷、2,4-二氯苯酚、4-硝基苯酚、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和N-亚硝基二甲胺.结果表明,确实存在高植物毒性的污染物,对于这类污染物,水生植物比水生动物更为敏感.然而,由于水生植物毒性试验远远少于动物毒性试验,并且资料的积累极为欠缺,因此,需要对水生植物毒性效应的研究和应用给予足够的重视.%Aquatic toxicity data of 120 priority pollutants listed in national recommended water quality criteria (2009) in the ECOTOX database were analyzed in this study. With reference to the US' national water quality criteria derivation guidelines, six pollutants showing high plant toxicity -1,1, 1 -Trichloroethane, 2,4-Dichlorophenol, 4-Nitrophenol, Butylbenzyl Phthalate, Di-n-Butyl Phthalate and N-Nitrosodimethylamine -were screened. The results showed that high plant toxicity pollutants do exist, indicating that aquatic plants are more sensitive to these pollutants than aquatic animals. However, the toxicity tests of aquatic plants are far less than those of animals. The aquatic plants toxicity data is extremely deficient. Therefore, the study and application of the aquatic plants toxicity need to be given sufficient attention.