洞庭湖水质因子的多元分析

摘要

Three hundred and sixty water samples were collected from the Dongting Lake from January to December in 2011. The physio-chemical factors of water samples including pH, DO, BOD5, TP, CODMn, C0DCr, NH3-N, TN, fecal coliform and Chla were measured and analyzed by methods of the principal component analysis. The results showed that DO, B0D5, TP, CODMn, CODCr, TN, NH3-N and Chla were the main impact factors of the water quality at Yugongmiao and Lujiao. The other sectoins, Nanzui, Muping Lake, Heling Lake and Wanzi Lake were greatly influenced by the concentration of TP, while Xiaohezui was mainly influenced by concentrations of TP, BOD5 and Chla. The East-Dongting Lake was mainly influenced by concentrations of BOD5and Chla. In contrast, Yueyanglou and Dongting Lake outlet were much influenced by concentrations of DO, C0DMn, CODCr, NH3-N and TN. Results with the scores of integrative principal component showed that the order of pollution degree in the sampling sections was as follows; Yugongmiao > Lujiao > East-Dongting Lake > Yueyanglou > Dongting Lake outlet > Nanzui > Hengling Lake > Muping Lake > Xiaohezui > Wanzi Lake.%2011年1-12月在洞庭湖湖区采集360个水样,测定pH、ρ(DO)、ρ(BOD5)、ρ(TP)、ρ(CODMn)、ρ(CODCr)、ρ(NH3-N)、ρ(TN)、粪大肠菌群及ρ(Chla).采用主成分分析法对采样断面水质因子进行分析.结果表明:虞公庙、鹿角断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(DO)、ρ(BOD5)、ρ(TP) 、ρ(CODMn)、ρ(CODCr)、ρ(TN)、ρ(NH3-N)及ρ(Chla)；南嘴、目平湖、横岭湖和万子湖断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(TP)；小河嘴断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(TP)、ρ(BOD5)和ρ(Chla)；东洞庭湖断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(BOD5)和ρ(Chla)；岳阳楼和洞庭湖出口断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(DO)、ρ(CODMn)、ρ(CODCr)、ρ(NH3-N)和ρ(TN).主成分综合得分对各断面水体受污染程度排序为虞公庙＞鹿角＞东洞庭湖＞岳阳楼＞洞庭湖出口＞南嘴＞横岭湖＞目平湖＞小河嘴＞万子湖.