我国农村教育差异及收敛速度研究——对31个省（市）面板数据的分析

摘要

After estimating the rural average years of schooling and education Gini coefficients of 31 provinces（municipalities） except Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan from 2001-2008,this article applies the method of ＂Economic Convergence＂ to analyze inter-provincial disparities of rural education and the convergence rate,meanwhile comments the effects of Compulsory Education Reform——＂County as Principle＂ after 2001.Research results show that： after the reform of rural compulsory education input system,inter-provincial rural education and educational equality have been significantly improved and the gap trends to converge;nevertheless,while inter-provincial rural education gap is reducing,convergence rate on inter-provincial disparities of education equality declines.The defects of educational input system——＂County as Principle＂ have been major factors which restrict the coordinated development of rural education.%本文在测算2001-2008年我国（不包括港澳台）31个省（市）农村平均教育年限和教育基尼系数的基础上,借鉴＂经济收敛＂方法分析农村教育省际差距及其收敛速度,同时评析2001年后实行的＂以县为主＂义务教育投入体制改革的效应。研究结果表明：在2001年农村义务教育经费投入体制改革后,各省的农村教育水平和教育平等状况明显改善,农村教育省际差距趋于收敛;但在农村教育发展的省际差距减少的同时,教育公平的省际差距的收敛速度在下降＂;以县为主＂的教育投入体制改革产生的弊端转而成为制约农村教育协调发展的主要因素。