上海“抗逆”学生的学习特点——基于PISA 2009数据的实证研究

摘要

Resilient students refer to those who overcome their disadvantaged family socioeconomic background and achieve top academic performance. In this study, resilient students＂ performance is determined by reading performance after controlling for family socioeconomic background as reading is the main domain assessed in PISA 2009. Based on the PISA 2009 data in Shanghai, this research captures resilient students＂ main characteristics of learning by comparing these students with disadvantaged low achievers and conducting logistic regression analysis. The research finds out that resilient students tend to enjoy reading, be aware of meta- cognitive understanding-based reading strategies, and have more high-quality reading activities for school. For male and first- generation ＂new Shanghainese＂ students who are less likely to become resilient students, self-control learning strategies and reading activities of interpreting literary text are particularly effective to the cultivation of resilience.%抗逆学生是指能够克服他们自身所处的不利家庭社会经济背景，取得优秀学业成绩的学生。基于PISA 2009的上海数据，本研究通过比较抗逆学生和其对比组处境不利差生的特点以及逻辑斯蒂回归分析提炼出抗逆学生一般所具有的主要学习特点：喜爱阅读、掌握元认知策略和进行较多高质量的学校阅读活动。男生和第一代“新上海”学生中阅读方面的抗逆学生较少，提高自我调控的学习能力和进行解释文学文本的阅读活动对于增加他们成为抗逆学生的可能性特别有效。