The single main structure of decision-making, decision-making based on experience, and non-professionalization of monitoring and evaluation technology are the typical malpractices of traditional education decision-making. The resulting decision-making mistakes make the execution of many decisions become "trial and error". How to promote scientific and modern decision-making has become the key to improving education governance. This article first analyzes the basic environment for building a provincial education decision system, and briefly reviews the historical evolution of the education decision support system, and proposes a phased goal for a provincial education decision system based on data, model-based, and problem-oriented. Then based on the needs of users, the construction process and key points of the system design were proposed from bottom to top. Finally, the safeguard measures and recommendations for the application of the decision support system were presented, providing top-level design ideas for the research and development of provincial-level big data decision systems to further promote the scientific education decision-making, education governance modernization.%决策主体结构单一、凭经验决断以及监测评价技术非专业化等是传统教育决策的典型弊端, 由此而引发的决策失误更是使许多决策的执行变成了"试错".如何促进决策科学化和现代化成为提升教育治理水平的关键.本文首先分析了建设省级教育决策系统的基础环境, 并简要梳理了教育决策支持系统的历史演变, 提出以基于数据、基于模型、面向问题的省级教育决策系统建设分阶段目标.而后立足于用户需求, 由下而上提出系统设计的建设过程及要点, 并在最后给出了推进系统应用的保障措施与建议, 为省级大数据决策系统的研究与开发提供顶层设计思路, 以进一步促进教育决策科学化和教育治理现代化.
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