要素集聚、产权完整性与城乡收入差距

摘要

Studying on the income gap between urban and rural areas from the perspective of completeness of property rights and agglomeration of factors,the paper concludes that China’s marketalization process is a one-way flow of the factors:from the rural areas to the urban area.The city residents’property rights are complete,while the rural residents’ property rights are not,which leads to the different transaction cost and the production efficiency,and also the incomegap. Agglomeration also makes assets of the city residents rather than the rural residents proliferation.The different property of urban and rural residents is one of the important reasons for the factors agglomeration,and it makes a indirect effect for the income gap between urban and rural areas.In addition,the different property of urban and rural residents will directly lead to the income gap.This paper gives an empirical study on agglomeration of factors and completeness of property rights leading to the income gap between urban areas and rural areas through the provincial panel data during 2002—2011,trying to provide policy recommendations.%本文从要素集聚与产权完整性视角研究中国城乡收入差距，认为中国的市场化进程其实就是生产要素从农村地区向城市地区单向流动的过程，并且中国城市居民的产权是完整的，而农村居民的产权是不完整的。这种生产要素的集聚导致城乡交易成本、生产效率的差异，进而导致城乡收入差距；要素集聚还使得城市居民的资产增殖，而农村居民的资产无法增殖；城乡居民产权的完整性差异是生产要素向城市集聚的一个重要原因，通过要素集聚间接影响城乡收入差距；另外城乡居民产权的完整性差异还会直接导致城乡收入差距。本文通过2002—2011年省级面板数据对要素集聚与产权完整性对城乡收入差距的影响予以实证研究，并给出政策建议。