寒冷地区半透明光伏窗天然采光质量与节能潜力的研究

摘要

文章利用Daysim和EnergyPlus软件从半透明光伏窗透过率、建筑朝向以及窗墙比(WWR)等方面对寒冷地区半透明光伏窗建筑的室内天然采光质量及综合能耗进行模拟研究.为了解决利用传统采光评价参数时未充分考虑眩光现象的问题,文章首先结合全天然采光时间百分比 (DA) 与有效天然采光照度 (UDI)对Daylit区域的照度阈值进行优化界定,并采用优化的N-Daylit区域室内面积占比来评价室内天然采光质量;然后,通过典型气象条件下室内工作面水平照度的测量结果,验证了Daysim模型的可靠性;最后,从室内天然采光质量和综合能耗角度出发,对半透明光伏窗的设计参数进行优化研究.分析结果表明,当半透明光伏窗的朝向为南向、透过率为50%~60%,且窗墙比为40%~50%时,建筑的节能效果较好.%The paper investigates the daylighting quality and the overall energy consumption of the building integrated with semi-transparent photovoltaic (STPV) window in cold region from the aspects of different PV transmittance, window orientation, and window-to-wall ratio (W W R), by using the software Daysim with EnergyPlus. Considering the absent of the glare problem of traditional daylighting evaluation,a new criteria N-Daylit area is proposed by coupling the daylight autonomy (DA) and useful daylight illuminance (UDI) to optimally redefine the illuminance threshold of Daylit area. The reliability of the Daysim model is validated by the experimental data of work plane illuminance under typical meteorological conditions. Meanwhile, the design architectural factors of the building integrated STPV window have been improved from the perspective of indoor daylighting quality and overall energy consumption. The results indicate that the south installed combined with 50%~60% transmittance and 40%~50% W W R could achieve the best energy potential.