有轨电车6号道岔尖轨转换有限元分析

摘要

为研究有轨电车6号道岔尖轨转换规律,应用有限元软件建立了有轨电车槽型轨尖轨转换模型,分析滑床板摩擦系数、钢轨密贴段刚度、扣板横向刚度和抗扭刚度、扣板位置对尖轨转换过程中尖轨牵引点转换力和最大不足位移的影响.结果表明:随着滑床板摩擦系数的增加尖轨牵引点转换力和最大不足位移均增加,大致呈线性增长趋势;尖轨从反位扳到定位时牵引点转换力与密贴段刚度取值无关,尖轨从定位扳到反位时密贴段刚度较小的情况下尖轨牵引点转换力不发生改变,密贴段刚度达到1 000 kN/m并继续增加时尖轨牵引点转换力急剧增加;随扣板横向刚度和抗扭刚度的增大尖轨牵引点转换力增加,不足位移变化较小;扣板距尖轨跟端越远尖轨牵引点所需转换力越大,尖轨最大不足位移越小.%To study the switch rail transformation laws of turnout No.6 on tramway,the tramway groove type rail switch rail transformation model was established using finite clemcnt software,the influences of friction coefficient of sliding bed,rail close section stiffness,lateral and torsional stiffness of buckle plate and position of buckle on switching force of towing point and maximum insufficient displacement in the process of switch rail transformation were analyzed.The results show that both switching force of towing point and maximum insufficient displacement increase with the increase of friction coefficient of sliding bed,presenting approximately a linear growth trend.While pulling switch rail from antiposition to locating point,switching force of towing point has nothing to do with rail close section stiffness.While pulling switch rail from locating point to antiposition,if the value of close section stiffness is small,switching force of towing point will not change,but if the close section stiffness exceeds 1 000 kN/m,switching force of towing point will increase sharply.With the increase of lateral and torsional stiffness of buckle plate,switching force of towing point increases,but maximum insufficient displacement has a few changes.The farther the distance between buckle plate and the rear end of switch rail is,the larger switching force of towing point is,the little maximum insufficient displacement of switch rail is.