空间视角采择的述评

摘要

This article summarizes the concept, development and processing of spatial perspective-taking.This article also summarizes that the spatial perspective-taking tasks include language tasks and behavior tasks. The language tasks include interactive tasks and non-interactive tasks, and the behavior tasks include direction judgment tasks and spatial orientation tasks. In addition, this article analyzes the factors that influence the spatial perspective-taking, including the subjects' understanding of the actions of others, the number of languages the subjects have mastered, the social and representational clues related to the completion of the task, the vestibular system of the individual, the social skills, the subject's own body, others' postures, age, gender, angular disparities between others and subjects, etc. Finally, this article proposes that future research can further explore whether the spatial reference framework habitually used by the subjects influences the spatial perspective-taking, the linguistic and cultural factors that influence the spatial perspective-taking, the automaticity of the spatial perspective-taking, the wider social function of the spatial perspective-taking, and the origin of evolution and development of the spatial perspective-taking.%总结空间视角采择的概念,及其发展和加工过程.概括出空间视角采择任务包括语言任务和行为任务,语言任务包括互动任务和非互动任务,行为任务包括方向判断任务和空间定向任务.分析空间视角采择的影响因素,包括被试对他人行动的理解,被试本身掌握语言的数量,与完成任务相关的社会线索和表征线索,个体的前庭系统、社会技能,被试自己的身体、他人的身体姿势,年龄,性别,他人与被试间的角度等.提出未来研究可以进一步探究被试习惯使用的空间参考框架是否影响空间视角采择,影响空间视角采择的语言和文化因素,空间视角采择的自动性问题,空间视角采择更广的社会功能,以及空间视角采择的进化和发展起源.