航空发动机鲁棒残差设计故障诊断研究

摘要

针对航空发动机的故障,设计了基于观测器的鲁棒故障诊断器.介绍了故障诊断中残差生成的一般形式和干扰解耦的基本原理.针对建模中存在的模型不确定性问题,在假定干扰分布已知的前提下,设计了鲁棒残差生成器,实现了残差对干扰解耦的目标,最后仿真模拟了燃油计量活门和尾喷管作动筒故障的情形.仿真结果表明,所设计的鲁棒残差生成器产生的残差具有对干扰低敏感而对故障高敏感的特性,实现了残差对干扰解耦的目标.%Against the faults of aero engine,the robust fault diagnosis device based on observer has been designed.The general form of residual error generation and basic principle of disturbance decoupling are described.Aiming at the uncertainty of model existing in modeling,and assuming the distribution of interference is known,the robust residual error generator is designed for achieving the target of residual error disturbance decoupling.The malfunction situations of fuel metering valve and exhaust nozzle are simulated.The results of simulation show that the residual error generated by this generator features low sensitive to the disturbance,while sensitive to the faults,thus the target of disturbance decoupling is achieved.