基于模型的喷水推进柴油机调速控制系统研究

摘要

The speed control system of the diesel engine equipped in a water-jet propulsion speedboat is investigated.This system consists of speed controller,actuator and generalized object of the diesel engine.The generalized object of the diesel engine takes the angle signal of the diesel injection manipulating as input,and the speed of engine as output.The actuator model and diesel engine nonlinear model are established,the parameters of models are identified by using the data measured,and the models are verified.The nonlinear model of diesel engine is converted into pseudo-linear model by using feedback-linearization(FL) method;based on the pseudo linear model,the FL-PID control strategy is researched,and the parameters of controller are tuned by zero pole assignment,the simulation model is built on Simulink platform.The simulation results show that comparing with conventional PID strategy,the control performance based on FL-PID strategy is improved,including response time,regulation time,and overshoot,etc.The FL-PID control strategy has the applicable potential being transplanted into the actual ships,and has certain reference value for designing other controllers of nonlinear systems.%对装备在某喷水推进快艇上的柴油机调速系统进行了研究.该系统包括转速控制器、执行机构和柴油机主机广义对象.其中,柴油机主机广义对象将喷油量控制电机的角度信号作为输入,将柴油机主机转速作为输出.建立了执行机构模型、柴油主机广义对象非线性模型,利用实测数据对模型参数进行了辨识及模型验证.采用反馈线性化方法(FL),将柴油机主机非线性模型转化为伪线性模型,再基于该伪线性模型研究了FL-PID控制策略;通过零极点配置的方法完成了控制器参数的整定,并在Simulink平台中搭建了仿真模型.仿真结果表明,与常规PID控制策略相比,采用FL-PID控制策略后,响应时间、调整时间、超调量等与主机转速跟踪性能相关的指标得到了明显改善,有移植至实船的应用潜力,对其他非线性系统控制器设计有一定的参考价值.