电磁场下液态金属流速的测量技术分析

摘要

由于金属液的不透明性和电磁场作用的特殊性,传统测量技术无法测定液面及内部流场结构.为此,开发了适用于电磁场下液态金属流速的测量技术.结合电磁场作用下液态金属行为测量的需求,介绍了几种测量技术的原理、优缺点和应用场合,给出了选用测量技术的依据,并探讨了当前测量技术在高温、时序控制和大体积等方面的应用难点,分析了电磁场作用下液态金属测量技术的研究方向.电磁场下液态金属流速的测量技术发展,将促进金属凝固理论和电磁约束成型工艺的创新,有利于研究电磁场对聚能射流形态的影响.%Due to the opacity of metal liquid and the action of electromagnetic field,it is impossible to measure the liquid surface and internal flow field structure by traditional measurement techniques,thus the suitable measurement technique is developed to measure the flow velocity of liquid metal under the influence of electromagnetic field.Combined with the demands for measuring liquid metal behavior under the action of electromagnetic field,the principles,advantages,disadvantages and the applications of some measurement techniques are introduced; the basis for selecting the measurement techniques are given. The applicable difficulties of current measurement techniques under high temperature,time-sequence control and large volume conditions,etc., are discussed,and the direction of research on measurement techniques of liquid metal under the action of electromagnetic field is analyzed. The development of such measurement techniques will promote the innovation of metal solidification theory and the process of electromagnetic confinement and shaping,and it will be helpful to study the influence of electromagnetic field to the form of energy gathering jets.