甘肃省岷县马铃薯窖藏干腐病鉴定及药剂筛选

摘要

The pathogens causing potato dry rot disease during storage in the Minxian district of Gansu Province were identified as Fusarium equiseti ,F .solani ,F .tricinctum ,F .oxysporum ,and three other strains of Fu-sarium spp.Fusarium equiseti and F .solani were the most frequently occurring pathogenic fungi isolated from the diseased potatoes;frequencies of these isolates were 28.57% and 41.67%,respectively.Furthermore,this is the first reported case of potato dry rot disease caused by F .oxysporum or F .equiseti from Gansu Province. About 71.01% to 81.84% of the infestation was controlled by spraying 32.5% difenoconazole-azoxystrobin, while,spraying Bacillus subtilis B210 times during the storage period controlled 79.71% of the infestation. These provide the basis for control of the potato dry rot disease in the Minxian district of Gansu Province.%通过对甘肃省岷县马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)窖藏干腐病的病原形态学鉴定,明确了其主要病原有7种,分别是木贼镰孢菌(Fusarium equiseti)、茄腐镰孢菌(F.solani)、三线镰孢菌(F.tricinctum)和尖孢镰孢菌(F.oxysporum)及3个待定种Fusarium spp.,其中茄腐镰孢和木贼镰孢菌为主要病原,分离频率分别为41.67%和28.57%,且尖孢镰孢菌和木贼镰孢菌引起马铃薯干腐病属甘肃省首次报道.在窖藏期间使用32.5%苯醚甲环唑·嘧菌酯浓度为1.25~2.50 g·L-1喷施,防效为71.01%~81.84%,生物农药枯草芽孢杆菌B2浓度为100 g·L-1喷施,防效为79.71%,该研究结果为岷县马铃薯干腐病的诊断和防治提供了依据.