遮挡下光伏组件中旁路二极管的研究

摘要

Based on the theory of mathematical model of solar cell,the output characteristics of photovoltaic module under standard condition (STC) are obtained by solving the 5 parameters of the mathematical model of photovoltaic module.When the photovoltaic module is blocked,its output I-U characteristic curve is a ladder shape for the influence of the conduction and blocking of the internal parallel bypass diodes.Experimental study is made on the different numbers of diodes conduction in the photovoltaic module,the variation of the voltage characteristics and the derivative of the output characteristic of the bypass diode conduction are analyzed.Based on output I-U characteristics of photovoltaic modules under normal conditions and shading conditions,an effective method to determine the number of bypass diodes is obtained,and it provides a research method for the study of shading of photovoltaic system.%以太阳能电池的数学模型理论为基础,通过求解标准条件(STC)下光伏组件的数学模型5参数,得到无遮挡条件下光伏组件的输出特性,当光伏组件受到遮挡时,内部并联旁路二极管的导通与阻断使其输出I-U特性曲线发生变化且呈阶梯状.针对光伏组件内旁路二极管导通个数不同进行了实验研究,分析了旁路二极管导通个数不同条件下,光伏组件输出特性的电压特征及导数的变化,结合正常和遮挡条件下光伏组件的输出I-U特性,最后得到了有效的判断旁路二极管导通个数不同的算法,为光伏系统的遮挡研究提供了方法.