LNG船货物围护系统用硬质聚氨酯绝热材料制备和性能研究

摘要

In order to meet the requirements for economy, safe storage and transportation of cargo containment system of liquefied natural gas carriers (LNGC), rigid polyurethane foams(RPUF) for non-self-supporting type containing blowing agent of HFC-365mfc and bromine-antimony synergistic flame retardants were prepared by the one-shot method through high pressure foaming technique.The thermal insulation, mechanical properties, service performances and ignitability, smoke production, surface burning characteristics of the obtained RPUF were investi-gated systematically, and the excellent thermal insulation of the RPUF was analyzed theoretically.The experimental results indicated that the prepared RPUF with density of 45 kg/m3could comply with the high requirements of insu-lation materials for LNGC, possessing low thermal conductivities in the temperature range from ambient temperature to cryogenic temperatures, but also displaying a good dimensional stability, high compressive, tensile and shearing properties, low average linear expansion coefficients, low water absorption and vapor transmission as well.%针对液化天然气(LNG)船货物围护系统绝热及储运安全性和经济性的要求,采用发泡剂HFC-365mfc和溴锑协同阻燃剂,制备了综合性能良好的硬质聚氨酯泡沫绝热材料,对其绝热性能、力学性能、服役性能稳定性和着火性、产烟量、材料表面火焰传播性质进行了研究,并从理论角度分析了材料的绝热性能.该研究所制备的泡沫材料密度约为45 kg/m3,可以满足LNG船对绝热材料综合性能的要求,不仅在室温至超低温范围内具有良好的绝热性能,还具有尺寸稳定性和阻燃性好,压缩、拉伸和剪切性能高,平均线膨胀系数、吸水率和水蒸气透过性低的特点.