苦瓜套袋防治瓜实蝇和南瓜实蝇的效果评价

摘要

本研究评价了不同类型的套袋对苦瓜上瓜实蝇和南瓜实蝇的防治效果。结果表明，两种实蝇对果长为3~4 cm的苦瓜为害率最低，约为3%；套袋显著影响苦瓜的好瓜率，果长为3~4 cm 的苦瓜套袋后好瓜率显著高于果长为7~8 cm 苦瓜套袋后的好瓜率，且前者经高密度聚乙烯袋、无纺布袋和牛皮纸袋套袋后好瓜率均≥90%；套袋也显著影响苦瓜的发育和色泽，与未套袋的苦瓜相比，经塑料袋和无纺布套袋后苦瓜果长、横径和单瓜重显著增加，颜色之间并无差异。结合本研究，建议苦瓜套袋防治瓜实蝇和南瓜实蝇的适宜时期为苦瓜发育至果长3~4 cm 时，适合的果袋为高密度聚乙烯塑料袋和无纺布袋。%The effect of bagging on Bactrocera cucurbitae and B .tau on bitter gourd was determined in this study. The results showed that the lowest damage rate (about 3%)was recorded on 3 -4 cm long gourds.Bagging re-markably influenced the rate of undamaged gourd.For 3-4 cm long gourds,the rate of undamaged gourd was sig-nificantly higher than that on 7-8 cm long gourds after bagging,especially for HDPE (high density polyethylene) bag,nonwoven bag and kraft bag,with the rate of undamaged gourd up to 90%.Bagging also significantly affect-ed the development and color of bitter gourd.Compared to CK (no-bagging),the length,horizontal and fruit weight of the bitter gourd bagged by HDPE bag and nonwoven bag significantly increased,but the color of gourds was not different.Based on these results,the optimum bagging stage for control of B .cucurbitae and B .tau was the time when the bitter gourd developed 3-4 cm long,and the optimum bags were HDPE bags and nonwoven bags.