条华蜗牛对25种植物的取食选择

摘要

Recently,the land snail,Cathaica fasciola ,has caused damage to many kinds of plants in Beijing.In or-der to provide some information for the control of this snail effectively,the feeding selection of C .fasciola on the leaves of 25 different plants were investigated in this study.The results showed that the feeding rates of snails for 25 different plants were obviously different,among the 25 tested plants,this snail consumed only 12 plants,and the food consumptions increased with increasing snail body weight,which were positively correlated to the average snail body weight.The feeding rates for 7 of 12 plants consumed by the snail were less than 27.00%.No significant differences of food consumptions among the 7 plants and body weight groups were detected except the food con-sumption of the snails in group Ⅴ for Salix matsudana was significantly more than those of Spinacia oleracea ,So-lanum nigrum and Saxifraga stolonifera (P <0.05).The feeding rates for other 5 of 12 plants consumed by the snail were more than 60.00%,and the feeding rates and food consumptions for those 5 plants were significantly more than those of the 7 plants whose feeding rates were less than 27.00% (P <0.01).The food consumptions of the snails in group Ⅴ and Ⅳ for Sophora japonica ,Prunus persica and Salvia splendens were significantly differ-ent and all significantly more than those of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ,in group Ⅲ for S .japonica ,S .splendens and Lactuca sativa var.romana were significantly more than those of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ for L .sativa var.romana ,S .japonica and Pharbitis nil were significantly different (P <0.01).The food consumptions for P . nil were significantly different among the five body weight groups (P <0.05).The food consumptions of the snails in group Ⅰ-Ⅴ for P .nil and L .sativa var.romana were not significantly different,but all were significantly more than those of other body weight groups,while in group Ⅲ-Ⅴ for P .persica were significantly higher than those for S .japonica and S .splendens (P <0.01).%条华蜗牛近年来在北京地区多种植物上普遍发生。为了给有效防治该蜗牛提供参考依据，研究其对多种植物的取食选择性。结果表明，条华蜗牛对25种植物取食差异明显，在测试的25种植物中，仅取食其中的12种植物，取食量随蜗牛体重增加有增加趋势，并与蜗牛体重正相关。在取食的12种植物中，取食率低于27．00％的植物有7种。除体重组Ⅴ的蜗牛对旱柳取食量显著高于菠菜、龙葵和虎耳草的外，蜗牛取食量在这7种植物及各体重组之间都无显著差异（P＜0．05）。取食率高于60％的植物有5种，其取食率和取食量都极显著高于其他7种植物（P＜0．01）。体重组Ⅴ与Ⅳ的蜗牛对国槐、桃、一串红的取食量差异极显著，且都极显著高于体重组Ⅰ和Ⅱ。体重组Ⅲ的蜗牛对国槐、一串红和生菜的取食量极显著高于体重组Ⅰ和Ⅱ。蜗牛对生菜、国槐、牵牛的取食量在体重组Ⅰ和Ⅱ之间差异极显著；对牵牛的取食量在各体重组之间差异显著。各体重组的蜗牛对牵牛和生菜的取食量差异不显著，但都极显著高于其他植物。体重组Ⅲ～Ⅴ的蜗牛对桃的取食量极显著高于国槐和一串红。