调频式气体分子速率分布律实验仪

摘要

伽尔顿板实验仪是直接或间接验证麦克斯韦气体分子速率分布律、气体的能均分定理、气体压强的产生、气体温度产生的重要仪器。旧式的伽尔顿板实验仪由于受到动力学效应的约束，显示出明显的局限性。通过对原有仪器进行改进，使每行钉子在水平方向往返运动，增加了钉子与小球的碰撞概率，实验结果更接近统计规律。%Galton board instrument is important because it can verify Maxwell velocity distribution law and the principle of equipartition ;it can explain the principle of gas pressure and temperature .Be-cause of the constraint of kinetic effects ,Galton board experiment instrument show s obvious limita-tions .T his paper improved the structure of instrument ,and each line nails reciprocally vibrated in the horizontal direction .The collision probability between nails and ball was added and the experiment re-sult more approched with the statistical law .