中微子实验的过去、现在与未来--2015年诺贝尔物理学奖解读

摘要

Recently ,the topic on neutrinos has become a hot interdisciplinary research direc‐tion among particle physics ,nuclear physics ,geophysics ,astrophysics and cosmology .On Oc‐tober 6 ,2015 ,the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics jointly to Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B .McDonald for the discovery of neutrino oscillations , w hich in turn proved that neutrinos have mass . From the view of development of neutrino physics ,this article introduces neutrino experiments from the past to the present and the fu‐ture outlook .Special focus is given to neutrino oscillation experiments for the interpretation of the prize .The ongoing and proposed neutrino experiments in China are also described .%中微子是目前粒子物理、核物理、地球物理与天体物理及宇宙学研究中的一个交叉热门研究方向．2015年10月6日，瑞典皇家科学院宣布2015年诺贝尔物理学奖授予梶田隆章（Takaaki Kajita）和阿瑟・麦克唐纳（Arthur B ．McDonald），以表彰他们在发现中微子振荡也就是中微子有质量上所作出的贡献．本文将从中微子物理发展历史角度介绍中微子实验的过去、当前状况及未来发展，尤其是通过侧重对中微子振荡实验的介绍来解读该奖项．最后，还介绍了国内目前正在开展与拟议建设的中微子实验．