Matlab软件和逐差法在拉伸法测量杨氏模量中的应用

摘要

拉伸法可以测量金属丝的杨氏模量，本文使用逐差法处理实验数据以减小实验中的随机误差和仪器误差。实验中测量的物理量较多，人工处理数据比较繁琐，且容易出错。因此，本文使用Matlab软件和逐差法处理数据。把测量的实验数据和仪器不确定度输入Excel表格中，然后把excel文件引入到Matlab软件中，运行逐差法计算的程序后可以直接得到金属丝的杨氏模量，以及测量的百分差和相对不确定度，处理过程快捷精确。%Young’ s modulus of the metal wire can be determined by means of the tensile method. The experi-mental data can be processed by the method of successive difference,which can decrease the random error and the instrumental error of the system. Many physical parameters are measured and the data process by hands is trivial with high error probability. Therefore,the data is processed with Matlab software. The measured data and the instrumental error of the system in the Excellfile can be imported into and processed by the Matlab software using the method of successive difference,and then the Young’ s modulus of the metal wire can be obtained quickly and precisely with low percentage difference and low relative uncertainty. .