基于记忆机制的视觉信息处理认知建模

摘要

Inspired by the way in which humans perceive the environment,a memory-based cognitive model for visual information processing is proposed to imitate some cognitive functions of human brain.The proposed model includes five components:information granule,memory spaces cognitive behaviors,rules for manipulating information among memory spaces,and decision-making processes.According to the three-stage memory model of human brain,three memory spaces are defined to store the current,temporal and permanent visual information respectively,i.e.ultra short-term memory space (USTMS),short-term memory space (STMS) and long-term memory space (LTMS).The past scenes can be remembered or forgotten by the proposed model,and thus the model can adapt to the variation of the scene.The proposed model is applied to two hot issues in computer vision:background modeling and object tracking.Experimental results show that the proposed model can deal with scenes with sudden background,object appearance changing and heavy object occlusions under complex background.%受人类认知环境方式的启发,将人类记忆机制引入到视觉信息处理过程,提出一种基于记忆机制的视觉信息处理认知模型,用于模拟人脑的一些认知过程.该模型主要包括5个部分:信息粒、记忆空间、认知行为、信息传递规则和决策过程.根据人脑三阶段记忆模型定义3个记忆空间:瞬时记忆空间、短时记忆空间和长时记忆空间,分别用于存储当前的、临时的和永久的视觉信息.该模型可记住或遗忘曾经出现过的场景,从而使其能快速适应场景变化.将其应用于计算机视觉研究中的两个关键问题:背景建模与运动目标跟踪.实验结果表明,该模型能较好解决复杂场景下背景或目标姿态突变以及目标被严重遮挡等问题.