1,4-二羟基丁烷-2-磺酸钠的合成及其在聚氨酯离子聚合物合成中的应用

摘要

采用1,4 -丁烯二醇和亚硫酸氢钠反应合成了1,4-二羟基丁烷-2-磺酸钠,经甲醇/水混合溶剂提纯,产率90％以上.红外光谱(FT- IR)、核磁氢谱(1H- NMR)和碳谱(13C- NMR)证实了产物的结构,并对其物理性质(如熔点)和其在水、丙酮、甲醇等中的溶解性进行了测试.研究了反应温度、反应时间、反应物物质的量比对产率的影响,结果表明:反应温度为40℃,反应时间为3h,亚硫酸氢钠与1,4-丁烯二醇的物质的量比为1.2:1是合成1,4-二羟基丁烷-2-磺酸钠的最佳反应条件.以1,4-二羟基丁烷-2-磺酸钠为含离子的单体,聚己二酸己二醇新戊二醇酯(PHNA)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、乙二胺(EDA)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为原料,采用丙酮法合成了聚氨酯离子聚合物,红外光谱证实了其结构.拉伸测试表明聚氨酯离子聚合物拉伸强度达41.3 MPa,断裂伸长率为1700％；聚氨酯离子聚合物分散后对分散体的基本性能进行测试,结果显示ξ电位为- 53.85 mV,说明分散体具有良好的稳定性；固含量为50.6％,黏度320 mPa·s,说明聚氨酯分散体具有高固含量、低黏度的特征.%Sodium 1,4- dihydroxybutane - 2 - sulfonate was synthesized by the reaction of sodium bisulfite with 1,4- butenediol. The reaction product was extracted by methanol/water mixtures and a purified product was obtained with a yields of up to 90% . The structure of the product was characterized by use of FT - IR,1H - NMR and C - NMR. The physical properties of the product,such as the melting point,and the solubility in water,acetone and methanol and so on were tested. The influence of reaction temperature,reaction time and the mole ratio of sodium bisulfite and 1,4- butenediol on the yields were studied. The results showed that the best conditions of the reaction was as follows: mole ratio of sodium bisulfite with 1,4-butenediol 1.2:1,reaction temperature 40 ℃ and reaction time 3 hours. The polyurethane ionomer was synthesized by using poly ( hexamethylene neopentylene adipate) ( PHNA) ,isophorone diisocyanate ( IPDI) ,ethylene dimine(EDA) ,1,4- butanediol(BDO) and sodium 1,4- dihydroxybutane -2 - sulfonate which was used as a monomer containing ions by the acetone process. The structure of the polyurethane ionomer was confirmed by FT - IR. The results of tensile tests showed that the elongation strength of the polyurethane ionomer was 41. 3 MPa and the ultimate elongation was 1 700% . The primary properties of the polyurethane dispersion were tested. The results showed that the zeta potential of the polyurethane dispersion was -53. 85 mV and solid content was 50. 6% with the viscosity of 320 mPa · s and excellent stabilization. The polyurethane dispersion was featured by its high solid content and low viscosity.