危险货物包装检测分析与实践

摘要

危险货物包装种类、材质、规格不一，其性能测试要求也不一样。在不影响检测结果准确性的前提下，可用模拟物替代实际内装物质或物品进行测试。危险货物包装的性能检测主要包括跌落试验、气密试验、液压试验、堆码试验，分别对应于危险货物包装所应具备的抗冲击、密封性、耐内压和强度等性能要求。在检测时，应注意其试验要求、试验条件、合格判定准则及检测关键控制点。检测实践发现，危险货物包装检测不合格主要有：瓦楞纸箱堆码检测不合格，塑料桶液压测试不合格，钢塑复合桶液压测试不合格，钢桶跌落测试及液压测试不合格，纸板桶跌落测试不合格等。未来包装检测应朝着标准化、规范化和科学化方向发展，尽量减少人为因素的影响。%Owing to the differences in the type, material and specification of dangerous goods packaging, the require-ments of the performance tests are also different. Under the premise of not affecting the accuracy of the testing results, the test could be run by using an analogue instead of the actual sample. The testing performance of the dangerous goods packaging consisted of the drop test, air tightness test, hydraulic test and stacking test, being corresponded to the impact resistance, the sealing performance requirements, the internal pressure and the strength accordingly. Attentions should be paid to testing requirements, testing conditions, the qualification criteria and key control points as of detection. In the practical detection, unqualified dangerous goods packaging included corrugated carton stacking failure, unqualified hy-draulic test of the plastic drum, steel plastic composite barrel hydraulic test failure, steel drum drop testing unqualified, carton drop testing failure etc. In the future, the packaging testing should be oriented in the direction of standardization, normalization and scientization, with less influence from factors such as human interference.