研究了滚珠丝杠在单热源作用下的温度场模型,以便快速、准确地预测滚珠丝杠的热误差.根据丝杠的导热方程,在合理修改边值条件的基础上,建立滚珠丝杠的温度场理论模型,引入随温度变化的参数α’修正该模型,并提出模型参数的辨识方法.结合机械热变形理论,用所建立的温度场模型预测滚珠丝杠的热误差,进行温度场模型参数辨识实验和模型预测效果的验证实验.结果显示:基于温度场模型预测的温升值与实验测得的温升值之间的最大误差为0.8℃;热误差预测结果与实测结果的最大误差为3.8 μm.结果表明所建立的温度场模型可以较准确地反映滚珠丝杠在单热源作用下的温度分布,进而可以较准确地预测滚珠丝杠的热误差.%To quickly and accurately predict the thermal error of a ball screw, this paper focuses on the modeling of temperature field of the screw. A theoretical temperature model is achieved based on the heat conduction equation of the screw and the modified boundary value conditions and a parameter a' which is changed with the temperature are used to improve the model. Then, a model parameter identification process is proposed. The thermal error of the screw is predicted by the model and mechanical thermal deformation theory. Finally, experiments are performed to identify parameters and check up the effect of the model. Result shows that the maximum error between the predicted and the actual temperatures is 0. 8 ℃ and the maximum error between the predicted and the actual thermal errors is 3. 8 μm. It concludes that the temperature model accurately predicts the temperature distribution and the thermal error of the screw under a single heat.
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