随机需求下考虑半成品库存的多周期生产决策优化

摘要

为了更好地应对需求的不确定性，在需求实现之前，企业既可以生产成品直接满足需求，亦可生产部分半成品，在观察到实际需求之后短时间内迅速完成剩余生产环节以满足需求。未加工的半成品和未售出的成品可用于满足后续周期的需求。作为一种提高生产灵活性的手段，分阶段生产的方式会产生更高的成本。企业需要在成本和灵活性之间作出权衡，优化生产决策。模型通过动态规划的方法，研究需求不确定情况下考虑半成品库存的多周期生产决策问题，通过分析目标函数以及最优值函数的结构性质，推导出最优的多周期生产策略为修正的目标库存策略，并且分析了不同参数对最优策略的影响。%In order to cope with demand uncertainty , firms can produce both finished products and work-in-process products before the demand is realized , and quickly finish the rest production process for the work-in-process products if necessary after the uncertain demand is known .The unsold inventory can be used to satisfy future demand .As a means to increase production flexibility , handling work-in-process products may increase the production cost .When optimizing the production decision , firms need to make a tradeoff between cost and flexibility.Our model studies the optimal multi-period production policy with uncertain demand and work-in-process inventory under the framework of dynamic programming .By analyzing the structural property of the ob-jective functions and value functions , we find the optimal production policy is a modified base-stock policy .We also analyze the impact of different parameters on the optimal policy .