风险应对视角下不确定需求定位-路径鲁棒优化研究

摘要

elief distribution is one of the key steps for emergency response after a major public emergency.Considering the randomness and the risk of emergency logistics system,an emergency logistics system of three level network including the uncertain demand and facility failure risk by multimodal transportation is studied.The model of emergency location-routing problem with multi-objective is developed to maximize the total satisfaction,minimize the total system costs and total transportation time.An improved genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the model.Finally,the validity of the model and algorithm is demonstrated by a numerical example based on Wenchuan earthquake relief distribution.The results show that the robust optimization method can effectively deal with the risk of emergency logistics system.It provides an effective method to solve the emergency material security,timely delivery and the risk in emergency logistics system.%及时准确地配送应急救援物资是突发公共事件救援过程中的关键环节,综合考虑应急救援过程中出现的需求随机性,路网的连通能力下降和设施点失灵等情况,采用车辆与直升机联合运输方式进行配送,以应急系统中各物资需求点的救援时间满意度之和最大、系统总成本最小及物资到达需求点的救援时间之和最小为目标,对多式联运三级网络应急物流系统定位—路径优化问题进行研究,建立了多目标定位—路径模型,并改进了遗传算法.最后,以汶川地震应急救援相关数据为例,对模型和算法的有效性进行了数据仿真验证,通过实验结果的对比分析,证明了鲁棒优化方法在处理不确定需求和设施失灵风险方面的有效性,进而为抵御突发公共事件发生后出现的风险,为解决突发公共事件发生后救援物资的安全及时准确配送提供了有效的方法.