游梁式抽油机变速运行节能效果评价

摘要

The variable speed operation technology of the pumping unit is used in a number of domestic oilifelds, and evaluation on its efifciency also varies. A mathematic model has been built based on the variable speed coupling running theory of the pumping unit, and its“energy-saving and load-reduction”effectiveness was comprehensively evaluated and analyzed. The result shows that the variable speed operation technique can reduce the motor power and motor torque, reduce the reduction gearbox torque and peak load on suspension point;however, the“over-stroke”phenomenon is not obvious, and the pump load increases. The variable speed operation technique can favorably adapt to the changes of strokes, stroke frequency and submergence, but under poor balance effectiveness, the unfavorable element of“over-stroke”may occur, esp. when the initial phase angle of variable speed operation curve has deviation, then it will heavily affect the overall working performance of the entire pumping system, leading to failure of startup or sudden shutdown.%抽油机变速运行技术应用于国内多个油田，对其效果的评价也不一致。基于抽油机变速耦合运行理论建立了数学模型，并对其“节能降载”效果进行了综合评价和分析，结果表明：变速运行技术可以降低电机功率和电机扭矩，降低减速箱扭矩和悬点峰值载荷，但是“超冲程”现象不明显，泵载荷增加；变速运行技术能够较好地适应冲程、冲次、沉没度的变化，但是在平衡效果不好的情况下会出现“超扭矩”的不利因素，尤其是当变速运行曲线的初始相位角有偏差时，会严重影响整个抽油机系统的综合工作性能，造成无法启机或突然停机。