2011年春、夏季黄、东海叶绿素a和初级生产力的时空变化特征

摘要

Chlorophyll a and primary productivity were measured during two cruises in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea during the spring and summer of 2011 in order to assess their spatial and seasonal variability as well as controlling factors. The chlorophyll a content in water column in spring was 74.83mg/m2, whereas the value in summer significantly decreased to 23.84mg/m2. Due to intense water stratification in the summer, the maximum chlorophyll a concentration that appeared at the subsurface layer differed from the more uniformly mixed water column in spring. The primary productivity in water column in spring was 993.9mgC/（m2＂d） on average, 1274mgC/（m2.d） in summer. Compared with that in 1984-- 1985, this value significantly increased. The horizontal distribution of primary productivity showed less variation in sum- mer than that in spring. The primary productivity was the highest in the middle of the Yellow sea and the mouth of Chang- jiang River in spring, and the highest in the coast of Shandong, the coast of Zhejiang and the mouth of Changjiang River in summer. The chlorophyll a concentration and phosphate concentration showed significantly negative correlations, and showed significant positive correlations with the nitrogen to phosphorus ratio in the whole investigation sea area in spring, therefore the phosphate may become the controlling factor for phytoplankton growth in spring.%依据2011年春、夏两季黄、东海调查资料，分析了叶绿素a和初级生产力的空间分布和季节变化特征，并分析了主要影响因素。南黄海、东海北部春季叶绿素a平均含量为74．83mg／m2，夏季为23．84mg／m2，春季明显高于夏季。春季大部分海域叶绿素a含量垂直分布均匀，夏季则出现较为明显的分层现象，在次表层出现最大值。初级生产力水平春季为993．9mgC／（m2．d），夏季为1274mgC／（m2．d），与1984—1985年相比有所升高。春季高值区出现在黄海中部及长江口附近海域；夏季高值区主要分布在山东半岛南岸近海海域、长江口外的黄、东海交界海域以及浙江省沿岸海域。春季整个调查海区叶绿素a浓度与磷酸盐浓度呈显著负相关，与氮磷比呈显著的正相关性，表明黄、东海春季磷酸盐可能成为浮游植物生长的一个限制因子。