目的：调查护士长时间行走站立足底压力与肌肉骨骼受损情况。方法：采用足底压力测试仪对2015年3~7月本市三级综合医院210名临床护士工作2，4，6，8 h 足底压强进行测试，并用自制问卷对其肌肉骨骼损伤情况进行调查分析。结果：（1）2 h 时前脚掌平均压强与足跟平均压强接近，足中部平均压强最低；至8 h 时前，脚掌及足中部平均压强增大，足跟平均压强逐渐减小。（2）在工作2~3．9 h，4~6 h 两个时间段内出现肌肉骨骼不适感人数较多，比例为28．57%，39．52%；4~6 h 时段内受试者不适感程度最高，其次为2~3．9 h 时段；工作时间4 h 内，受试人员不适感主要集中在膝踝足底部位；工作时间4 h 以上，除足底不适外，不适感转移至腰背髋肌肉骨骼。结论：临床护士长时间行走站立前足承担大部分的压力，应注意调节身体重心，调整足底压力分布，以加强对前足的保护。%Objective:To investigate the plantar pressure and musculoskeletal injury conditions of nurses who walk and stand for a long time. Methods:Tested plantar pressures of 2,4,6,8 working hours of 210 clinical nurses from Class Ⅲ comprehensive hospital in this city from March to July in 2015 with plantar pressure tester. And investigated and analyzed their musculoskeletal injury conditions with self - made questionnaires. Results:(1)Before 2 hours,average sole pressure was close to average heel pressure and the average pressure in the middle of the foot was the lowest;before 8 hours,average pressures in sole and the middle of the foot increased while average heel pressure gradually decreased.(2)During two working periods,namely between 2 and 3. 9 hours and between 4 and 6 hours,more nurses had musculoskeletal discomforts with a rate of 28. 57% and 39. 52% ;during the period between 4 and 6 hours,dis-comfort levels of tested nurses were the highest,followed by the period between 2 and 3. 9 hours;before 4 working hours,discomforts of nurses mainly con-centrated on knee,ankle and planta;after 4 working hours,except for plantar discomforts,there were also lower back and hip musculoskeletal discomforts. Conclusion:Soles of the feet of clinical nurses bear most of pressure. Clinical nurses should pay attention to adjusting center of body - weight,changing plantar pressure distribution to enhance protection for soles of their feet.
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