对高速列车平顶组合结构进行隔声测试，调换其中2块隔声垫的前后位置后，平顶组合结构隔声特性发生显著改变。针对这一问题，基于统计能量法探究双层隔声复合板材中材料排布顺序对于整体结构隔声特性的影响规律，分析该现象产生的原因；接着，进一步利用基于统计能量法的隔声预测模型对三层隔声复合板材中材料排布顺序对整体隔声特性的影响进行延伸探究。结果表明：对于双层复合结构，当两种隔声材料的种类一定时，将隔声量较大的材料置于近声源端，将隔声量较小的置于远声源端，对整体结构隔声量的提升最显著，主要提升低频隔声量；对于三层复合结构，情况较为复杂，其中，将隔声量最大的材料置于近声源端，将隔声量次大的材料置于远声源端，将隔声量最小的材料置于中间时，对整体结构隔声量的提升最显著，且同时提升低频和中频隔声量。研究内容对于工程中复合材料隔声性能的进一步改善有借鉴意义。%The insulation performance of the flat roof composite structure of a high-speed train is tested. It is found that when the positions of the two insulation pads in the structure are exchanged, the sound insulation performance of the composite structure will change significantly. To solve this problem, influences of the arrangement order of the insulation materials in a double-layer composite sheet and a triple-layer composite sheet on their sound insulation performances are studied respectively based on statistical energy method. Results show that for the double-layer composite sheet, the material layer with high insulation capacity should be arranged on the side close to the sound source and the layer with low insulation capacity should be arranged far from the sound source so as to raise the sound insulation of the overall structure significantly, especially in the low frequency range. For the triple-layer composite structure, the material layer with highest insulation capacity should be arranged on the side close to the sound source, the layer with secondary high insulation capacity should be arranged on the side far from the sound source, and the layer with lowest insulation capacity should be placed in the middle of the composite sheet so as to raise the sound insulation of the overall structure significantly, as well as to raise the sound insulation capacity in the medium and low frequency range. This work is of reference significance for further improvement of the sound insulation properties of composite sheets.
展开▼
