弱刚度环类零件装夹变形的研究

摘要

弱刚度环类零件车削加工易变形,在装夹过程中产生的弹性形变是造成加工后形状误差的一个重要原因.将普通卧式车床上所使用的三爪自定心卡盘改良为扇形卡盘,分别计算了2种装夹方式产生的理论变形量,建立了影响装夹变形的各个因素与变形量之间的函数关系,根据计算结果得到了扇形卡盘的最优结构参数,并通过有限元仿真实验,针对齿圈这类典型的弱刚度件的2种装夹方式进行了对比验证,为减小弱刚度环类零件的装夹变形提供了理论基础.%The weak-rigidity hollow disk is easy to deform when cutting.Clamping deformation is one of the most sig-nificant reasons to bring about the form error after machining.The three-j aw chuck is replaced by the fan chuck on the lathe and deformations of the two clamping modes which are calculated separately.A function relationship between the factors in-fluenced on the deformation and the clamping deformation is concluded and the best structure parameter of the fan chuck is optimized.The finite element method is used to compare the two clamping modes by a typical weak-rigidity gear ring.The result provides a basic theory to minimize the clamping deformation of weak-rigidity hollow disk.