辅助船舶航行的圆弧型风帆流体动力性能分析

摘要

Wind assistance in ship propulsion is one of the important applications of renewable energy.This paper analyzes the pressure distribution on the windward surface of a circular arc sail, lift force and resistance created by the sail, effects of the camber ratio on sail dynamic characteristics and the dynamic characteristics of abreast combination sails using mathematical model of k-ε turbulence flow equations and the CFD software of Fluent.The pressure on the windward surface of the circular arc sail decreases along wind direction.A proper increase in camber ratio of the sail may be beneficial for ship windward sailing.Properly adjusting the attack angle of the sail will increase the driving force.There exists interaction among abreast combination sails.The results of numerical analysis coincide with test results in wind tunnel, which can be the guidance for the development of sails for wind assist propulsion.%以风能作为动力辅助船舶航行的风帆助航,是新能源应用于船舶航运中的重要途径.采用k-ε紊流模型方程描述圆弧型风帆流体动力学特性,并利用计算流体动力软件fluent,对圆弧型风帆迎风面上的压力分布、风帆产生的升力和阻力、拱度比等圆弧型风帆流体动力特性,以及并排组合风帆的动力特性进行了数值分析.圆筒风帆迎风面上的压力沿着圆筒面,顺风力方向逐渐减小.适当提高圆筒型风帆拱度,有利于风帆驱动船舶迎风航行.应调整风帆受的风力攻角,使风帆产生较大的船舶驱动力.并排风帆组合的各帆之间存在相互影响.针对圆筒型风帆流体动力特性的数值分析和风洞试验的结果一致.分析所得出的结果,可为开发商用风帆助航节能船舶提供一定的指导.