Stripe rust (or yellow rust) of wheat (Triticum aestivum), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. It is very important to research the population genetic diversity ofP. striifornis f. sp. tritici in different altitude regions of Longnan, one of the largest and the most important over-summering areas in China. Using the TP-M13-SSR, population genetic diversity and variation ofP. striiformis f. sp. tritici, containing 330 isolates 11 collections from different altitude area of Longnan, were investigated. The important conclusion is that P. strifornis f. sp. tritici populations from different altitude areas were genetically different. Genetic diversity for the pathogen population from high mountainous area is much higher than that from mountainside area or lowlands. The genetic differentiation for the populations obtained from high mountain and mountainside areas was higher than that of the population from the lowlands, suggesting the limited gene flow in mountain area, and extensive gene exchange in lowlands. Our molecular data confirm that the stripe rust pathogen is able to exchange between lowland areas and high mountain areas in the region.%小麦条锈病是世界范围内小麦上最重要的流行性病害之一,可造成严重的产量损失.陇南地区是我国小麦条锈菌主要越夏易变区和新小种发源地,了解该地区不同海拔高度区域内条锈菌遗传多样性有重要意义.本研究采用TP-M13-SSR荧光标记技术对11个种群330个小麦条锈菌分离株基因组DNA进行了SSR标记分析.不同海拔区域的条锈菌遗传多样性有明显的差异,高山区的遗传多样性比较丰富,半山区次之,川道区相对比较低.不同生态区域内,小麦条锈菌群体遗传分化程度不同,高山区和半山区遗传分化程度大,基因流小,川道区群体遗传分化程度比较小,基因流大.来自不同海拔区域的菌系具有相同的基因型, 这一结果从分子水平证明了在陇南地区小麦条锈菌在山区与川地之间存在广泛的菌源交流,可就地完成周年循环.
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