基于拓扑优化与筋板布局的立柱轻量化设计∗

摘要

In order to achieve the lightweight design of machine tool column, topology optimization of its structure is researched. From material distribution results of topology optimization, the basic shape of col-umn structure is designed. According to the characteristics of the column basic shape, 5 unit structures with different types of reinforcing ribs are compared. The structure with“W” reinforcing rib has well mechanical performance and consumes less materials. The“W” reinforcing rib is distributed and optimized on the basic shape of column structure, and the column is finally designed. Finite element analysis results demonstrate that the mass of the new designed column structure is reduced by 8. 3%. Its static/dynamic performance has been improved with different degrees, and the lightweight design of column structure is achieved.%为了实现机床立柱结构的轻量化设计，对立柱进行拓扑优化研究，根据拓扑优化的材料分布结果设计了立柱的基本外形。根据立柱的外形特点，对比了5种不同类型筋板形式的单元结构，发现W形式的筋板结构材料消耗较少同时综合力学性能较优。选择W形式的筋板对立柱的外形结构进行布局及尺寸优化，得到了最终的立柱结构形式。对新的立柱结构进行有限元分析，结果表明，新设计立柱结构的质量减轻了8.3%，并且其静、动力学性能得到了不同程度的改善，实现了立柱结构的轻量化设计。