不同处理方法对两种铁包金基原植物种子萌发的影响

摘要

目的：探索打破中药铁包金基原植物铁包金及光叶勾儿茶的种子休眠方法。方法：观察种子外部形态，测定种子千粒重、硬实率、吸水率，通过考察浓硫酸、赤霉素、不同贮藏方法对种子萌发的影响，找出打破铁包金基原植物种子休眠最为适宜的方法。结果：铁包金种子未经处理吸水率为41.49％，经浓硫酸处理为45.67％；光枝勾儿茶种子未经处理吸水率为48.91％，经浓硫酸处理为51.35％。经98％ H2 SO4处理15 min 后，光枝勾儿茶种子发芽势为50.48％，发芽率为85.71％。500 mg·L-1赤霉素处理6 h，铁包金种子发芽势为53.33％，发芽率为55.24％；光枝勾儿茶种子发芽势为41.90％，发芽率为67.62％。经4℃低温沙藏3个月，铁包金种子发芽势为88.57％，发芽率为90.48％；光枝勾儿茶种子发芽势为86.67％，发芽率为91.43％。结论：4℃低温沙藏3个月能完全打破种子休眠，显著提高种子发芽势与发芽率。%Objective:To explore the method for breaking the dormancy of the seeds of two botanical origins of Berchemiae Ramulus et Radix.Method:To find out the best method of breaking the seed dormancy of two botanical origins of Berchemiae Ramulus et Radix by observing external morphological features of the seeds,measuring the weights per thousand, hard rate,and water absorption rate of the seeds,and investigating the effect on seed germination of different treatment methods,including of sulfuric acid and gibberellin soaking,and different storage methods.Result:The rate of water absorption of untreated seeds of Berchemia lineata was 41.49%,the rate of water absorption of treated seeds by H2 SO4 was 45.67%;and the rate of water absorption untreated seeds of B.polyphylla var.leioclada was 48.91%,the rate of water absorption treated by H2 SO4 was 51.35%.Being soaked in 98% H2 SO4 for 15 min,the germination rate and germination energy of B.polyphylla var.leioclada seeds were 50.48%,and 85.71%,respectively.The germination rate and germination energy of B.lineata seed streated by GA3 were 53.33% and 55.24%,respectively;and in the same condition,the germination rateand germination energy of B.polyphylla var.leioclada seed were 41.90% and 67.62%,respectively.When the seeds were stored for three months in 4 ℃,the seed germination energy of B.lineata and and B.polyphyllavar.leioclada were 88.57% and 86.67%,respectively;and the seed germination rate of B.lineata and B.polyphyllavar.leioclada were 90.48%and 91.43%,respectively.Conclusion:The seeds stored for 3 months in 4 ℃ with some moistures could improve dramatically its germination rate and germination energy.