苹果属植物叶中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的初步研究

摘要

目的:初步评价苹果叶提取物及主要化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性.方法:采用经典α-葡萄糖苷酶活性测定方法,对苹果属不同种(品种)、不同产地来源的20种共40份苹果叶提取物与3种主要化合物进行了α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性筛选,并与阳性对照药阿卡波糖进行比较.结果:在样品浓度为2 mg· mL-1的浓度体系下,所测样品对α-葡萄糖苷酶均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中23份提取物和2个化合物(根皮素和槲皮素)的IC50值低于阿卡波糖的IC50值,且绝大多数提取物的IC50值低于其所含的化合物IC50值.结论:根皮素、槲皮素和根皮苷等成分是苹果属植物叶提取物抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性物质基础,且可能还含有其它协同作用的成分存在,值得深入研究;不同种(品种)、不同产地来源的苹果属植物叶片提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性存在一定的差异,多数提取物显示了较强的活性.本实验为苹果属植物叶片资源的可持续利用和开发提供一定的科学依据.%Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibition of extracts and main compounds in Malus' leaves.Methods:The effect of extracts on α-glucosidase activity was investigated by enzymatic method in vitro.Forty extracts and three main compounds from Malus' leaves were screened,and then compared with positive control (acarbose IC50 1.377 mg· mL-1).Results:The extracts and compounds from Malus' leaves showed α-glucosidase inhibition obviously.The IC50 of 23 categories extracts and 2 compounds(phloretin,quercetin)were lower than acarbose.Some extracts in the leaves of Malus ()ad remarkable inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity and almost had lower IC50 compared to 3 compounds.Conclusion:()hloretin,quercetin and phlorizin are the basic composition for inhibiting α-glycosidase enzymes,and it also has potential research about synergistic components of extracts.Different extracts from dissimilar locations have distinctive activities of α-glycosidase inhibition;fortunately,most extracts have strong inhibiting activities.This experiment provides the scientific basis for the plant resources of Malus' leaves that can keep on to utilize and develop.