板栗大砧高接换种试验研究

摘要

To break through the technical bottleneck of transformation of Castanea mollissima Blume low yield forest ,the Castanea mollissima Blume large anvil grafting experiment was carried out. The results show that ,the survival rate of Castanea mollissima Blume large anvil grafting was high at about 88.4%,and the differences on the control of the grafting (93.2%)was only 4.8%.Castanea mollissima Blume growth parameters difference of different sample plot had small differences.The average tree height and crown breadth of high grafting of Castanea mollissima Blume large anvil was 3.0 m and 3.7 m.The numbers of male flower in every sample plot were higher than the numbers of female flower.Yield per plant of high grafting of Castanea mollissima Blume large anvil increased by years.Four years after grafting ,the yield per plant reached 5.5 kg and was increased nearly 7 times.Research results showed that the high grafting of Castanea mollissima Blume large anvil not only was an effective technology but also provided the scientific guidance for the popularization of fine varieties,the transformation of low yield forest,tree stunting,increase production,improve the economic benefit etc.%为突破板栗低产林改造技术瓶颈，对板栗进行大砧高接换种试验研究。研究结果表明：板栗大砧高接换种成活率较高，约88.4%，与对照本砧嫁接（93.2%）仅差4.8%；不同样地间板栗的树冠生长参数差异较小，试验地中大砧高接换种的板栗平均树高和平均冠幅分别为3.0、3.7 m；各样地的雄花数均大于雌花数，板栗的结果数主要取决于雌花数的数量；进行大砧高接换种的板栗单株产量逐年增加，嫁接后第4年单株产量达5.5 kg，比对照本砧嫁接的产量增加了近7倍。研究结果表明，板栗大砧高接不仅是一项行之有效的技术，还为推广优良品种，实行低产林改造，树体矮化，增加产量，提高经济效益等提供了科学指导。