为了给螺旋钻采煤机钻头的设计及改进提供参考依据，在对钻头的载荷波动频率进行理论分析基础上，采用有限元法对钻头的固有特性进行了仿真研究。提取了钻头的前六阶固有频率和振型，并对其进行分析，分析表明：钻头截割载荷的最高波动频率远低于钻头最小固有频率，该载荷不易激起钻头的共振；钻头各阶振型主要表现为钻头前部端盘和肋板的振动，进行钻头设计时，应提高该部分的刚度和强度；钻头沿垂直于轴线方向的摆动和扭转振型会严重影响钻头的定向钻进性能，设计时应重点避免。%In order to provide references for design and improvement of the drill bit of the coal auger, finite element method was applied to study the natural character of the drill bit based on theoretical analysis of load fluctuation frequency of the drill bit. Preceding six orders of natural frequencies and vibration modes were extracted and analyzed. The analysis results showed： the maximum frequency of the drill bit＇s cutting load was far less than the minimum natural frequency of the drill bit, so the load was less likely to cause resonance of the drill bit; each vibration mode of the drill bit was mainly reflected in vibration of the top disc and the rib plate whose stiffness and strength should be increased while designing the drill bit; swing and torsion of the drill bit along the direction perpendicular to axis greatly affected directional drilling performance, so which should be avoided at the time of designing.
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