西葫芦根腐病菌拮抗细菌的防病促生作用

摘要

[Objective] In order to assess potential of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for protecting zucchini plants against Fusarium oxysporum,antifungal properties and growth-promoting effects of PGPR were evaluated.[Methods] 19 strains that acquired from preliminary studies were used to antagonize F.oxysporum in vitro based on panel confrontation.Control efficiency of microbial inoculant was measured on zucchini root rot at greenhouse experiments.Growth-promoting effect of compound inoculant instead of some chemical fertilizer was determined at field tests.[Results] There were 9 strains efficiently antagonized F.oxysporum.Among these strains,the inhibition rate of strain FX2 could rise up to 66.80％.In greenhouse experiments,the inhibition rate of microbial inoculant (LHS11+FX2) reached 57.14％.In field experiments,microbial inoculant with different proportional chemical fertilizer had growth-promoting effect on biomass and root morphology,and the yield of 85％ chemical fertilizer + compound inoculant significantly increased 27.13％.[Conclusion] The compound inoculant (LHS11+FX2) has excellent control efficiency to zucchini root rot.The growth-promoting effect of 85％ chemical fertilizer + compound inoculant is obvious on the growth of zucchini,and it largely saves fertilizer costs and improves production efficiency.%[目的]获取促生的同时可抑制尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)的拮抗菌并明确其防治效果.[方法]平板对峙生长法测定前期分离的19株促生菌对尖孢镰刀菌的抑制作用,温室条件下接种微生物菌剂对西葫芦根腐病的防治作用;田间条件下接种复合菌剂代替部分化肥对西葫芦生长的影响.[结果]可有效拮抗尖孢镰刀菌的菌株有9株,其中,菌株FX2的抑菌活性较好,抑制率达到66.80％.在温室盆栽中,接种微生物菌剂(LHS 11 +FX2)对西葫芦根腐病抑制率达到57.14％.在田间试验中,微生物菌剂配施化肥对西葫芦的生物量和根系形态影响显著,以85％化肥+复合菌剂处理效果较优,其对西葫芦成熟期的产量显著提高27.13％.[结论]复合菌剂(LHS11+FX2)对西葫芦根腐病具有较好的防治作用;85％化肥+复合菌剂对西葫芦的促生作用明显,在一定程度上节约了化肥投入成本,提高了增产效益.