电容式霜露传感器自动化观测对比分析

摘要

Frost and dew phenomenon observation is an important observation content of meteorological observation.The frost and dew observation uses mainly the manual method currently,which is of many drawbacks.The automatic observation principles of the capacitive frost and dew sensor are introduced,and on this basis,with focus on the test data analysis of four-month observation equipment from September to December 2014,the data from the device are compared with manual observation,as well as the results recognized by the standard observation device.Combining the actual situation around the installation location and the temperature and humidity information,an in-depth discussion of the changing conditions of the recognition rate,failure rate,and mistake rate of reporting frost and dew and the reason that causes the recognition rate fluctuations are conducted.The experiment results show that capacitive frost and dew sensors have better recognition rate for frost and dew weather phenomena recognition in the general natural environment.On the basis of future improvement,it probably can be applied to automatic meteorological observation operationally.%霜露天气现象是气象观测中的重要观测内容,目前对霜露的观测多采用人工观测的方法,存在诸多弊端.本文在对电容式霜露传感器自动化观测原理进行简单介绍的基础上,重点对2014年9月至2014年12月4个月的设备试验数据进行了分析,把设备识别结果、人工观测结果以及标准器识别结果进行比对,结合设备安装地点周围的实际情况和温湿度信息,深入探讨了设备识别率、漏报率、错报率的变化情况以及导致设备识别率波动的原因.试验结果表明,电容式霜露传感器在一般自然环境中对霜露天气现象具有较好的识别率,在未来研究改进的基础上,具有应用于气象业务自动化观测的可能.