多硅共聚物与PVA交联制备杂化离子膜

摘要

合成了系列具有仿生结构的多硅共聚物,即含大量—Si(OR)3基团的碳链共聚物:其柔韧的主链类似于攀爬植物的“主干”、众多的—Si(OR)3基团类似于攀爬植物的“吸盘”、众多的离子交换基团或可以转化为离子交换基团的官能团则类似于植物的“果实”.以其与聚乙烯醇(PVA)进行溶胶—凝胶(sol-gel)反应,可以得到均一透明、稳定的杂化离子膜.该种类型膜可以应用于扩散渗析领域,对废液中的酸或碱进行分离和回收.分离效果表明,膜兼具高的渗析通量和选择性,渗析系数范围为0.006～0.015m/h,分离因子范围为18.5～95.7,从而突破了传统膜通量和选择性之间必须作出妥协的折衷(trade-off)效应.%One series of bionic multisilicon copolymers, namely, carbon chain polymers containing a number of pendent —Si(OR)3 groups, have been synthesized. The copolymers contain long main chains, many branched —Si(OR)3 groups, and a number of ion exchange groups (or groups that can be transformed to ion exchange groups), which are similar to the stem, acetabula and fruits of a vine from bionic aspect, respectively. Homogeneous, transparent and stable ion exchange hybrid membranes can be obtained from the sol-gel process of the copolymers in presence of PVA. The membranes are investigated for acid or alkali recovery through diffusion dialysis (DD) process. The dialysis coefficients (U) are in the range of 0. 006~0. 015 m/h and the separation factors are 18. 5—95. 7. Both U and S data are excellent and hence the trade-off effect between permeability and selectivity is broken.